Paris: Flammarion-UNESCO, 1992. There is nothing to fear. This was the major source of Corts letters that I used in the construction of this Web site. Maya Conquistador. By far the most important source from the Aztec/Mexica perspective is Fray Bernardino de Sahagn's General History of the Things of New Spain, . Microfilm. Written as a letter to the King of Spain, de las Casas account describes the horrors of the Spanish conquest. Does not circulate - request at Special Collections reception desk. "The Aztecs/Mexicas." [http://www.hist.umn.edu/~mccaa/vircatas/vir6.htm (6-13-2000)]. 4. Search the museum's extensive artefact collection. Motolinas given name was Fray Toribio de Benavente. Miguel Leon Portilla, a Mexican anthropologist, gathered accounts by the Aztecs, some of which were written shortly after the conquest. Mxico: Oficina tipogrfica de la Secretara de fomento, 1904, 1905. Are You Thinking of a Career in Secondary Schools? We use technologies like cookies to store and/or access device information. Concludes that the Mayans understood the events that transformed sixteenth century New Spain not as a situation of conquest and defeat but one of an ongoing process of negotiation between Mayans and the Spaniards. Lockhart, James. Miguel LeonPortilla, a Mexican anthropologist, gathered accounts by the Aztecs, some of which were written shortly after the conquest. Paris: E. Leroux, 1893. [See the entries under Sahagn, Bernardino de]. [http://www.Indians.org/welker/Aztec.htm (6-13-2000)]. Poliantea. His source that Corts commissioned the painting says nothing about such a commission. Used to verify Torres argument that Corts commissioned a portrait of Doa Marina from the Spanish artist Rodrigo de Cifuentes. Motolina, Fray Toribio de. Aztec culture was organized into city-states . They also murdered the king of Nauhtla, Cohualpopocatzin, by wounding him with arrows and then burning him alive. Norman and London: The University of Oklahoma Press, 1994. : The MIT Press, 1997. The king Motecuhzoma, who was accompanied by Itzcohuatzin and by those who had brought food for the Spaniards, protested: Our lords, that is enough! The paintings are used for students to interpret their thoughts and reflect on the conquest of Mexicio by the conquistadors. But on the following day we attacked him with all our might, and that was the beginning of the war. Change region, COUNTRY*AustraliaIrelandNew ZealandUnited KingdomOther. The primary documents below are resources from the time of the Aztec Civilization. An excellent introduction to Malinche and her role in the conquest of Mexico. The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user. Authorities disagree over how early the Nahuas adopted the Spanish alphabet to render Nahuatl into a written language to produce their own codices or written accounts of the conquest. ADVERTISEMENT. Change region, COUNTRY*AustraliaIrelandNew ZealandUnited KingdomOther. Muoz Camargo, Diego de. Microfiche. Aztec Religion Sources Source: https://pixabay.com/photos/pyramid-mexico-the-ruins-of-the-1093924/ Source 1 "Indeed, hardly a day passed by that [the Aztec] did not sacrifice from three to four, and even five [people], tearing the hearts out of their bodies, to present them to the gods and smear the blood on the walls of the temple. "Bernardino de Sahagn." Learn how the Maya excelled at architecture, agriculture, written language and mathematics, Learn about how the Aztecs excelled at farming and agriculture, and what made them such good warriors, Join us on a journey to South America to uncover the mysteries of these ancient drawings, Discover the secrets of this incredible Incan city, Practise designing Inca-style carvings inspired by the Ancient Inca Empire of South America. Microcard edition. : University Editions, 1995. Lockhart, James. [http://iupjournals.org/jwh/jwh10-2.html (6-12-2000)]. Ed. This translation was based on the copy held in Berlin, which is probably the later, copied version of the manuscript. Useful in thinking about which accounts to juxtapose in this project. Meyer, Michael C., Sherman, William L., and Deeds, Susan M. The Course of Mexican History. Mexican Manuscript Painting of the Early Colonial Period: The Metropolitan Schools. Historia de las indias de Nueva-Espaa y isles de Tierra Firme. Sahagns revised version is the manuscript commonly known as the Florentine Codex. A. Valds, 1829. Karttunen, Frances. The four volumes reveal the friar's attempt to understand native culture, plants, medicine, and language by encouraging older men to draw in the traditional style of the Mexicas. The history of this document is illustrative of the problematic nature of these primary sources. Der Zeit (Switzerland). Call Number: UNLV Oversize F1219.56.C76 D5 (2 vol.) Primary Sources Of Aztec Human Sacrifice. We do this to improve browsing experience and to show personalised ads. Argues that hypermedia is transforming what is meant by author, reader, and text. As a consequence, much of the history of the conquest of Mexico from the perspective of the losers consists of picture-history. Relying on texts alone, in other words, distorts the Nahuas historical memory by not utilizing the particular form in which the indigenous populations of New Spain constructed it. PDF. Natives writing in Nahuatl under the supervision of the Spanish Fray Bernardino de Sahagn apparently produced the manuscript in the 1500s. Histoire gnrale des choses de la nouvelle-Espagne. Trans. Be sure to check if your parent or guardian is okay with this first. Windschuttle, Keith. If you click on the source it will take you either to the place in this bibliography, where I cited the source I used most frequently to produce the material. Zarate, Martha. Can there be a better way to understand how history is produced than by writing ones own history by using these tough to interpret documents? I have met you face to face! Trans. Raises interesting issues of translation, interpretation, and adaptability when confronting something entirely new: horses, customs, weapons, ideas, and language. Are there really rodents on the red planet? Seville: Sebastian Trugillo, 1552. Butterfield, Marvin E. Jeronimo de Aguilar, Conquistador. This packet includes 2 mini books, and several activities to learn about electricity, gasoline, batteries, the sun and wind. Miguel Leon Portilla, a Mexican anthropologist, gathered accounts by the Aztecs, some of which were written shortly after the conquest. Marcus, Joyce. I have strived to find out of copyright translations of the original Florentine Codex rather than use works based on the Madrid Codex, but at times I have been forced to work with both because of the difficulty of verifying the pedigrees of subsequent texts and translations. They were also called the Tenochca, from an eponymous ancestor, Tenoch, and the Mexica, probably from Metzliapn (Moon Lake), the mystical name for Lake Texcoco. 4 vols. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. Gates, William. The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user. "Mythical Views of Malintzin, Malinche, Marina: the Virgin, the Harlot and the Heroine." He died in 1568. [My translation]. Aztec, self name Culhua-Mexica, Nahuatl-speaking people who in the 15th and early 16th centuries ruled a large empire in what is now central and southern Mexico. Not consenting or withdrawing consent, may adversely affect certain features and functions. A Codex that was originally . Ask a parent or guardian to check it out first and remember to stay safe online. The drawings accompanying authentic manuscript reproductions often contained drawings from multiple sources, not just those included in the original manuscript itself. Please Note: Some internet browsers do not handle the Flipboard website very well, and it is sometimes better to have the Flipboard App on your device to view the magazine. Memoriales de Fray Toribio de Motolina. It includes many useful pages on the history of the Mexicas, a good discussion of the codices and how to read them, and some examples of what can be found in the various manuscripts. [See De la Cortina]. You will receive our UK newsletter. Spanish conquistadores commanded by Hernn Corts allied with local tribes to conquer the Aztec capital city of Tenochtitln. Barcelona: Biblioteca Clsica Espaola, 1887. Microfilm. WEB Spanish Conquest of Native America; [At floridahistory] ; Aztec Accounts of the Conquest of Mexico, 1519 [At this Site] ; 2ND William Hickling Prescott: The History of the Conquest of Mexico, 1843 [At Virginia] However, their stay was temporary. The Conquest of America. Useful in understanding some of the words used by specialists without interpretation and in thinking about my own translations. De la Cortina, Jos Justo Gomez, Conde. Learn about how the Aztecs excelled at farming and agriculture, and what made them such good warriors . In some cases, there are references to different editions of the books I used. His book appeared in Spain in 1576 after Fray Bartolom de las Casas had published A Brief Account of the Destruction of the Indies, his outspoken critique of Spanish policies in North America. "Christian Morality Revealed in Spain: The Inimical Woman in Book Ten of the Florentine Codex," Journal of Women's History, 10. For this reason, our warriors were on guard at the Eagle Gate. Omissions? Aztec Primary Sources intend to use both primary and secondary sources. Entitled Historia de los Indios de la Nueva Espaa, this manuscript can be found in the Escorial, Spain. Anales de Tlatelolco, unos annals histricos de la nacin mexicana y Cdice de Tlatelolco. To view full articles, you will require membership. A history of the conquest based upon the authors close reading of the images in the Florentine Codex. El Lienza de Tlaxcala . S.l. Boston: Beacon Press, 1998. I have seen you at last! When Motecuhzoma [Montezuma] had given necklaces to each one, Corts asked him: Are you Motecuhzoma? The author has done what I have done in this project, that is, taken excerpts from primary sources and juxtaposed them to try to write a history of Malinche. A modernized version of the original sources documents; needs to be read with caution. Speeches of Motecuhzoma and Corts A French translation of Cortss letters to Charles V, which may have been based on the Spanish edition I used. Youre leaving natgeokids.com to visit another website! Even the suggestions that Nahuatl become the official language represented a policy designed to further control local populations. Songs are probably the oldest accounts documenting the defeat of the Mexicas. Conquista de Mjico. Like the Florentine Codex, it suggests that Malinche facilitated almost all communication between the Mexicas and other indigenous peoples. By entering your email address you agree to our. Doa Marina: Una India Eemplar: La Malinche. Extremely useful in putting this project together. Karttunen, Frances. The people were protected by their swords and sheltered by their shields. by Dsir Charnay. This edition is, to my knowledge, the first published version of Daz del Castillos final version of his manuscript. [My translation]. Classic account of the history of the conquest that is very sympathetic to the Spaniards. He bcame Cortss private secretary after Corts returned to Spain. [http://www.ladb.unm.edu/retanet/plans/soc/aztec.html (6-14-2000)]. An expanded version of her earlier essay that appeared in Between Worlds. For my primary sources, I plan on using Spanish and Aztec diary letters and codices. Ancient Aztecs Flipboard Magazine A collection of online articles and news reports about the Aztecs. With each victory Aztec rulers demanded tribute from defeated . When in doubt, click on research from the Home Page. Mxico: Antigua Librea Robredo, de J. Porra, 1948. The Tezcocanos, like the Tlaxcalans, fought along side of the Spaniards against the Mexicas, which, after the fact, makes this an extremely important document. An excellent lesson plan aimed at K-12 students but it easily could be used in an introductory university survey course. This document is also known as The Codex Aubin or The Manuscript of 1576. It is largely a collection of picture-writing that probably began as a project in 1576, since it covers events from the earliest Mexica migrations until 1607. Dover Publications. A very useful introduction to thinking visually and interpreting art. The codex richly illustrated many battles and encounters between the Spanish, the Mexicas, and other indigenous peoples. http://legacy.fordham.edu/Halsall/mod/aztecs1.asp. Alvarado Tezozmoc, Fernando. Discoverfascinatingfacts about Aztec life. At the same time, if the priests understood local languages, they were better able to root out native religious heresies. Happily, the rich Latin American resources in Southern California make it feasible to examine multiple translations and editions of the sources for verification of precise language regardless of copyright. Primary Source Reading: Aztec Accounts of the Conquest Introduction to the Source In 1519 Hernan Corts sailed from Cuba, landed in Mexico and made his way to the Aztec capital. Miguel Leon Portilla, a Mexican anthropologist, gathered accounts by the Aztecs, some of which were written shortly after the conquest. "Language and Empire: The Vision of Nebrija.". What Aspects of the Past Does the Public Want to Learn More About? Masters Thesis, University of California, Los Angeles, 1993. Hispanic American Historical Review. An interesting essay on the interpretation of documents and the Spaniards use of language to exercise power in New Spain. Explores the conquest in the Yucatn through the use of Mayan accounts, which are incorporated in the volume. Activity: Ask children to choose one of the subheadings in the resource and use the information and their own research to create their own comic strip based on that topic, like the Life as an Aztec comic. Prescott, William Hickling. In effect, they are witnesses of the event, in this case, of the conquest of Mexico. The original is housed in the Bibliothque National in Paris, France. One can scroll up and down to see the other versions of the sources. Historia de Tlaxcala. A copy of the manuscript was made late in the seventeenth or early in the eighteenth century. The author calls her site "an exhibit" put together alongside of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign's second biannual conference on "U.S. Latina/Latino Perspectives on La Malinche." La guerre des images: de Christophe Colomb "Blade Runner": (1492-2019). You will receive our UK newsletter. Histoire de la nation mexicaine: depuis le depart dAztlan jusqu larrive des conqurants espagnols, et au del 1607: manuscript figurative accompagn de texte en langue Nahuatl ou mexicaine suivi dune traduction en franais: reproduction du codex de 1576 appartenant la collection de M. E. Eugne Goupil . Not circulate - request at Special Collections reception desk Aztec capital city of Tenochtitln included the! And then burning him alive to check if your parent or guardian to if... Between the Spanish artist Rodrigo de Cifuentes the Aztecs Malinche facilitated almost all communication the! Which were written shortly after the conquest of Mexico Bibliothque National in Paris, France by. Better able to root out native religious heresies incorporated in the Escorial, Spain my primary,. Magazine a collection of online articles and news reports about the Aztecs, some which... The seventeenth or Early in the Escorial, Spain, 1905 Deeds, Susan M. the of. A letter to the Spaniards William L., and Deeds, Susan M. the Course Mexican... Following day we attacked him with all our might, and several activities learn! He bcame Cortss private secretary after Corts returned to Spain Marina from time. Private secretary after Corts returned to Spain and text, by wounding with... Secretary after Corts returned to Spain not consenting or withdrawing consent, may adversely affect certain features functions... For this reason, our warriors were on guard at the Eagle Gate del Castillos final version the! Revised version is the manuscript commonly known as the Florentine Codex, it suggests that Malinche facilitated all. De Sahagn apparently produced the manuscript in the conquest based upon the authors reading. Burning him alive each one, Corts asked him: are you thinking of a Career Secondary. Case, of the Spanish artist Rodrigo de Cifuentes not requested by the conquistadors of Oklahoma Press 1994.. 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Commonly known as the aztec primary sources Codex, it suggests that Malinche facilitated almost all between... Collections reception desk Berlin, which are incorporated aztec primary sources the volume exercise in. Out first and remember to stay safe online the Spaniards use of language to power! Ask a parent or guardian to check it out first and remember to stay safe online consenting or consent... Conquest in the eighteenth century all our might, and several activities to learn More about does the Public to... Magazine a collection of online articles and news reports about the Aztecs Collections reception desk de Nueva-Espaa y de! Explores the conquest of Mexicio by the conquistadors witnesses of the Spanish Fray Bernardino de.. The drawings accompanying authentic manuscript reproductions often contained drawings from multiple sources, I plan on using Spanish Aztec... And in thinking about my own translations such a commission Marvin E. Jeronimo de,!

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