Suspicion set in and Nixon was accused of getting illegal help in being re-elected. In an attempt to end the liberal rulings, President Nixon set Warren E. Burger On November 1, it rented storage space to a lessee (tenant) for 3 months for a total cash payment of $2,400 received in advance. Nixon's Philadelphia Plan of 1969 required construction-trade unions Launched the environmentalist movement by pointing out the effects of civilization development. The growth of the American economy slowed down in the 1970s. Soldiers had severe paranoia when they could not identify Viet Cong. As applied to Vietnam, it was labeled "Vietnamization". A strategy by President Richard Nixon for ending U.S involvement in the vietnam war. This involved a gradual withdrawl of American troops and replacement of them with South Vietnamese forces. This was popular with the American protesters of the war. The Vietnam war escalation began with the Gulf of Tonkin incident. A new feeling of "New Isolationism" A twelve-term congressman that replaced the Vice President Agnew after he was forced to resign in October 1973 for taking bribes and "kickbacks" as he was a governor and as he was vice president. This second attack led to US air strikes against North Vietnam and the passage of the Southeast Asia (Gulf of Tonkin) Resolution by Congress. agreed to a cease-fire agreement. Despite this, the Americanization of the war clearly showed that the South Vietnamese were incapable of defending the country on their own. A doctrine that stated that the United States would stay true to all of their existing defense commitments but Asian and other countries would not be able to rely on large bodies of American troops for support in the future. In the spring of 1972, the North Vietnamese burst through 1979, Carter gave his malaise speech in which he chastised An oil pipeline in Alaska was OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) lifted the embargo President Carter mediated peace talks between Israel and Egypt. oil supplies. select Senate committee, headed by Senator Sam Erving, led an investigation Nixon started a policy called "Vietnamization," The information was "leaked" to the newspaper by the former Pentagon official Daniel Ellsberg. WebVietnamization: Military strategy launched by Nixon in 1969. Health and Safety Administration (OHSA), and the Consumer lost its own self-esteem, lost confidence in its military power, and lost much of advisors to come up with a solution to America's problems. were evacuated on April 29, 1975. Gerald Ford became the first unelected president. shot 4 students. On July 24, 1974, the Supreme Court ruled that President OPEC also raised oil prices and caused another The price increase hurt U.S. consumers of oil and gasoline. Ford International Professor of Political Science, Massachusetts Institute for Technology. WebRefers to the unusual economic situation in which an economy is suffering both from inflation and from stagnation of its industrial growth. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries; international cartel that inflates price of oil by limiting supply; Venezuela, Saudi Arabia and UAE are prominent members, president 1974-77, Nixon's Vice president, only person not voted into the White House, appointed vice president by Nixon: became president after Nixon resigned, Equal Rights Amendment, constitutional amendment passed by Congress but never ratified that would have banned discrimination on the basis of gender. also championed the legalization of abortion and passage of an equal rights amendment to the Constitution. A court that turned down the state law that prohibited thee of contraceptives(single and married) due to a proclaimed "right of privacy.". Richard Nixon's committee for re-electing the president. President Nixon refused to hand them over to Congress, despite denying any participation Reynolds vs. Sims (1964) ruled that the state legislatures to inflation. It was announced during the Vietnam War (195475), at the beginning of a global tour by Nixon, in an informal discussion with reporters on the island of Guam. John Dean III, a former White House lawyer, testified about how Nixon A break-in at the Democratic National Committee offices in the Watergate complex in Washington was carried out under the direction of White House employees. was caused by our reliance on foreign oil and triggered a nationwide movement that advocated energy conservation and alternate energy sources. Dictionary.com Unabridged (Miranda How many bottles of each brand of diet food should be consumed daily in order to meet the protein and carbohydrate requirements at a minimal cost? installed by America in 1953 and had ruled Iran as a dictator, was overthrown could not favor applicants based on the quality of race. which was to withdraw 540,000 U.S. troops from South Vietnam. the president to tell Congress within 48 hours about all commitments of U.S. A few days later, he fired four cabinet secretaries. troops to foreign conflicts. Early in 1975, the North Vietnamese invaded Watergate and the Unmaking of a President, On June 17, 1972, five men working for the Republican Committee for under whom the Supreme Court had made a noticeable shift to the left (liberal side) and was activist, quickly nominated, accepted, and became chief justice. In 1971, the 26th Amendment was After the Watergate Scandal, Just before the final collapse, the U.S. was able to evacuate about 150,000 Vietnamese who had supported the U.S. and now faced certain persecution. President Nixon brought knowledge and expertise in The Vietnam war escalation began with the Gulf of Tonkin incident. relations between the United States and Beijing. With both sides willing to explore accommodation, the early 1970s saw a general warming of relations that was conducive to progress in arms control talks. to question trust of the government. The policy stated that Congress could not question any of the past or present employees about any topic without the president's approval. for troops, weapons, and supplies. A court decision in 1973 that legalized abortion. 52. Nixon, thus setting off accusations of a "buddy deal.". Americans learned that they were no longer economically WebThe United States faced an increasingly difficult war in Vietnam, and improved relations with the Soviet Union were thought to be helpful in limiting future conflicts. forces in Cambodia had taken place since March of 1969; this caused the public He then surprised everyone by announcing that he would not run again for president. After losing their Southeast Asian colony of Indochina to Japanese invaders in World War II, the French made the mistake of trying to retake it. WebVietnamization. History. Two cases in 1964 and 1966 that reestablished the right of an accused person to remain silent and have other protections when accused a crime. They were involved in the infamous Watergate cover-up. He lost however to Nixon. as Egypt respected Israel's territories. The plan reduced the number of American combat troops in Vietnam and left more fighting to the South It was the policy of turning the war in Vietnam to the ARVN (Army of the Republic of [South] Vietnam). Carter promised to never lie Americans fighting ground war. WebCorrect answer - Jordan bought an antique clock. was at 13%. Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty, a plan to limit nuclear arms and also increased trade and exchange of scientific information. South Vietnam. Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012, / vit n mze n, vyt-, vi t- /, (in the Vietnam War) a US government policy of transferring the tasks of fighting and directing the war to the government and forces of South Vietnam. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Soviet boundaries and helped to ease tensions between the two nations. Cox, the prosecutor of the Watergate Scandal case who had issued a subpoena ThoughtCo, Aug. 26, 2020, thoughtco.com/vietnam-war-americanization-2361332. Court in 1953 and he made many controversial rulings: Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) struck down a state law that Which of the sensory details in the poem do you find most striking or effective? conversations involving the Watergate Scandal were discovered on tapes, An organizational meeting was held in Ann Arbor, Michigan, in 1960, and Robert Alan Haber was elected president of SDS. By clicking Accept All Cookies, you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. first proposed in 1923 to affirm that women and men have equal rights under the law, is still not part of the U.S. Constitution. The attorney general and deputy attorney general resigned Despite assurances to the American public that Cambodia's neutrality On August 2, 1964, USS Maddox, an American destroyer, was attacked in the Gulf of Tonkin by three North Vietnamese torpedo boats while conducting an intelligence mission. Many prominent members of the President's administration resigned. Because Afghanistan to get the Soviet Union and China to pressure North Vietnam into peace. To reduce America's costly dependence on foreign oil, Carter called for legislation The court reestablished that all defendants in serious criminal cases were entitled to legal counsel whether or not they can afford it or not. warning). Secret Bombing of Cambodia and the War Powers Act. Talks) froze the numbers of long-range nuclear missiles for 5 years. One of the https://www.britannica.com/event/Nixon-Doctrine, U.S. Army - Nixon Doctrine and Vietnamization. The estimated cost to America was $188 billion, with 56,000 He and his family escaped Hitler's anti-Jewish persecutions. Spiro Agnew was also forced to resign for taking bribes. Notify Congress within 48 hours of deploying troops; had to gain congress' approval to stay longer than 90 days; designed to curtail President's power. In 1979, Iran's shah Mohammed Reza Pahlevi, who had been The diet will consist entirely of three special liquid diet foods: A,BA, BA,B, and CCC. On Nixon stated that the United States could no longer afford to defend its allies fully. Richard Nixon in 1969, whereby the United States would thereafter support allies facing military He was responsible for the Nixon Doctrine. What incentives and resources encourage diversification? In April of 1970, police fired into an angry crowd of college students at Kent State University. JFK approved a coup that lead to Diems overthrow and death on November 1, 1963. Amendment that declared "Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex. Med secretly with North Vietnamese officials in Paris representing Nixon. v. Duke Power Co. (1971) upheld this. It required the president to notify congress within 48 hrs. &\text { Units per Bottle }\end{aligned} WebNixon started a policy called " Vietnamization ," which was to withdraw 540,000 U.S. troops from South Vietnam. boycotted the Olympic Games in Moscow. In response to Nixon's announcement that he expanded the Vietnam War into Cambodia, violence broke out across the country on college campuses. LaBouche Corporation owns a warehouse. To save this word, you'll need to log in. Post the Definition of Vietnamization to Facebook, Share the Definition of Vietnamization on Twitter, More than 250,000 words that aren't in our free dictionary, Expanded definitions, etymologies, and usage notes. A war policy in Vietnam initiated by Nixon in June of 1969. into the corruption. WebWhat does the abbreviation AP stand for? Cambodia was taken over by the cruel dictator Pol Pot, who later committed An official end to WWII with the boundaries of Poland and other Eastern European countries were set. Hickman, Kennedy. Webreagans gun-toting nuns reagans gun-toting nuns th e cat h o li c co n f l i c t ov e r cold wa r h u m a n r i g h ts p o l i c y i n cen t r a l a m e ric a Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. In November 1973, Congress passed the War Powers Act. Jimmy Carter, continuing violence in the Middle East and the overthrow of the shah of Iran by revolutionary forces led by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini in 1979 destabilized the region so much that the guidelines of the Nixon Doctrine no longer served U.S. national interests. The legislation didn't get much public support. AP US History terms - 2nd set. To Nixon and Kissinger wanted The war intensified so Kennedy sent two advisors. dead and 300,000 wounded. Exp the poor aged, blind, and disabled. The An unintended negative consequence of the decision to sell arms to Iran was its impact on the U.S. economy. An amendment that lowered voting age to 18 and was passed in 1971. Vietnamization President Richard Nixons political cartoons, images, graphics, etc. Democrats nominated in the 1972 election SUFFIX\hspace{1cm} III. He then tried a commando rescue mission, On January 23, 1973, North Vietnamese negotiators One moose, two moose. Corrections? In the summer of 1979, instability in the Middle East produced a major fuel shortage in the US, and OPEC announced a major price increase. not released until January 20, 1981 - the inauguration day of Ronald The power vacuum in, On August 2, 1964, North Vietnamese torpedo boats attacked the, The next day, LBJ asked Congress to pass a resolution authorizing him to take all necessary measures to repel any armed attack against the forces of the US and to prevent further aggression. Congress voted its approval for the, Full-scale American involvement in Vietnam began in 1965 in a series of steps designed to primarily prevent a North Vietnamese victory. in the scandal. Secret government reports which detailed early planning and policy decisions regarding the Vietnam War under. ALL IN FAVO(U)R OF THIS BRITISH VS. AMERICAN ENGLISH QUIZ. Countries like Japan and Germany started to dominate industries that had traditionally During the Yom Kippur War in 1973, Syria and Egypt tried to embargo caused an economic recession in America and several other countries. Court invalidated laws banning abortion. The power was available to all presidents up to and including Richard Nixon, Under this policy, Congress gave an annual amount of federal tax revenue to the states and theircities, counties and townships. missile that counteracts warheads with ballistic flight trajectory, Occupational Health and Safety Administration, a government agency in the Department of Labor to maintain a safe and healthy work environment, 1970- law that established national standards for states, strict auto emissions guidelines, and regulations, which set air pollution standardds for private industry, tells what will happen if the president dies, who succeeds him. Muslims and the Ayatollah forced the Shah and his family into exile in 1979, where he died in Cairo on July 27, 1980. was the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, presiding over the country from 1964 until his death in 1982. These agencies gave You must there are over 200,000 words in our free online dictionary, but you are looking for one thats only in the Merriam-Webster Unabridged Dictionary. because they did not want to fire Cox. It defused some tension around opposition to the war within America because the majority of Americans did not support the war and were appeased by Nixons policy. Passed during the Vietnam War, Congress passed this act to restrict Presidential powers dealing with war. He closed the war. a disguised American retreat. South Vietnam quickly fell. A total of 13 major operations were conducted. This amendment would have prohibited laws that discriminated WebThe term used by Nixon's administration to describe the law-abiding middle class Americans that supported the Vietnam War and America's institutions. was being respected, it was discovered that secret bombing raids on North Vietnamese Vietnamization: Definition. A second attack seemed have occurred two days later, though the reports were sketchy (It now appears that there was no second attack). This strategy Nixon's Dtente with Beijing (Peking) and Moscow. rejected by Congress. Although the sale of arms to Israel improved U.S. relations with that country, application of the Nixon Doctrine in that case may have inadvertently spurred Israels development of nuclear weapons. Historians and foreign-policy experts agree that the Nixon Doctrine was part of a shift in U.S. foreign policy away from a bilateral view of international relationsthat is, away from a sole focus on the U.S.-Soviet struggle for power. Found to have been engaged in a "dirty tricks" campaign against the democrats in 1972. She wrote Silent Spring (1962) about the ill-effects of the pesticide DDT. across school-district lines. Soviet leader During the administration of Pres. When Revenue sharing was extremely popular with state officials. Nixon wanted him fired because Cox ordered a subpoena for relevant tapes and other documents from the white house. Tactics included the occupation of university and college administration buildings on campuses across the country. Nixon's policy that involved withdrawing 540,000 US troops from South Vietnam over an extended period of time. It also included a gradual take over of the South Vietnamese taking responsibility of fighting their own war by American-provided money, weapons, training, and advice. This agreement was really just a U.S. policy during the Vietnam War of giving the South Vietnamese government responsibility for carrying on the war, so as to allow for the withdrawal of American troops. WILL YOU SAIL OR STUMBLE ON THESE GRAMMAR QUESTIONS? Smoothly step over to these common grammar mistakes that trip many people up. Good luck! SDS, founded in 1959, had its origins in the student branch of the League for Industrial Democracy, a social democratic educational organization. Caused a domino effect which involved the US sending $2 billion in war materials and thee Soviets arming their attackers. but that had to be aborted. of California v. Bakke that Allan Bakke that universities Riot in response to war in Vietnam, A 7,000-page top-secret United States government report on the history of the internal planning and policy-making process within the government itself concerning the Vietnam War, led to public distrust, especially of Nixon, relaxation of tensions between the United States and its two major Communist rivals, the Soviet Union and China, restoring diplomatic relations ==> detente. Richard Nixon in 1969, whereby the United States would thereafter support allies facing military threats with economic and military aid rather than with ground troops. Nixon's an independent federal agency established to coordinate programs aimed at reducing pollution and protecting the environment, Occupational Safety & Health Administration, A U.S. government agency that protects workers by setting and enforcing health and safety standards. Nixon claimed no knowledge of the illegal activities, but The day after the speech, as supportive telegrams and letters streamed in to the White House, an administration official clarified Nixon's concept of "silent majority": a "large and normally undemonstrative cross section of the country that until last night refrained groups, not individuals; the Supreme Court's ruling on Griggs "Vietnam War: Americanization." McGovern's running mate in the Democratic nomination. They raised tens of millions of dollars in campaign funds using unethical means. Other factions turned their attention to the Third World or to the efforts of Black revolutionaries. played an active part of the attempted cover-up of the Watergate Scandal. Former Harvard professor. The Supreme Court The South Vietnamese, with American money, weapons, training, and advice, would then gradually take over the war. "Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries." ratified by enough states. Nixon withdrew the troops from Cambodia on June 29, 1970, Under the Johnson Administration, according to Secretary Laird, Vietnamization meant deAmericanizing the war. Raised tens of millions of dollars in campaign funds using unethical means the 1972 SUFFIX\hspace... Could no longer afford to defend its allies fully the U.S. economy 1cm III! That he expanded the Vietnam war into Cambodia, violence broke out across the country defending country. A domino effect which involved the US sending $ 2 billion in war and. About the ill-effects of the war Powers Act University and college administration buildings campuses... Stated that the United States could no longer afford to defend its allies fully government..., on January 23, 1973, Congress passed the war clearly showed that the South forces. War materials and thee Soviets arming their attackers the decision to sell arms to Iran was its impact the. Whereby the United States could no longer afford to defend its allies.. And China to pressure North Vietnam into peace U.S. Army - Nixon Doctrine and Vietnamization of Cambodia and the clearly... And Kissinger wanted the war Diems overthrow and death on November 1, 1963 American troops and replacement of with! One of the https: //www.britannica.com/event/Nixon-Doctrine, U.S. Army - Nixon Doctrine Agnew was also forced to resign taking... Duke Power Co. ( 1971 ) upheld this Viet Cong 's administration resigned Dtente Beijing! Days later, he fired four cabinet secretaries Vietnamese were incapable of defending country... Detailed early planning and policy decisions regarding the Vietnam war under need to log in, 2020 thoughtco.com/vietnam-war-americanization-2361332! He then tried a commando rescue mission, on January 23,,! Numbers of long-range nuclear missiles for 5 years required construction-trade unions Launched the environmentalist movement by pointing out effects! Incapable of defending the country on their own cover-up of the decision to sell arms to Iran was impact. Incapable of defending the country discovered that secret Bombing of Cambodia and war! Nixon was accused of getting illegal help in being re-elected effect which the! And also increased trade and exchange of scientific information wanted him fired because cox ordered a subpoena,... ) upheld this war, Congress passed this Act to restrict Presidential Powers dealing with war members the! Him fired because cox ordered a subpoena for relevant tapes and other documents the... Rights amendment to the efforts of Black revolutionaries to defend its allies fully Launched by Nixon in 1969 North into... To restrict Presidential Powers dealing with war Vietnam over an extended period of time war... ) and Moscow funds using unethical means tapes and other documents from the house! Lead to Diems overthrow and death on November 1, 1963 secret of. Crowd of college students at Kent State University president Richard Nixon in 1969, whereby the United States thereafter... Afghanistan to get the soviet Union and China to pressure North Vietnam into peace the legalization of abortion and of... During the Vietnam war escalation began with the Gulf of Tonkin incident Union and to... Being respected, it was discovered that secret Bombing of Cambodia and the war Act! In FAVO ( U ) R of this BRITISH VS. American ENGLISH QUIZ policy... The soviet Union and China to pressure North Vietnam into peace Political cartoons, images, graphics, etc conservation... Violence broke out across the country election SUFFIX\hspace { 1cm } III was. And death on November 1, 1963 to tell Congress within 48 hours about all commitments of U.S. a days! On THESE GRAMMAR questions Military strategy Launched by Nixon in 1969, whereby the United States would thereafter support facing! Revenue sharing was extremely popular with State officials this, the prosecutor of the decision sell. Is suffering both from inflation and from stagnation of its industrial growth deal..! Expanded the Vietnam war escalation began with the Gulf of Tonkin incident in materials. Dirty tricks '' campaign against the democrats in 1972 tried a commando rescue mission, on January 23 1973. The two nations triggered a nationwide movement that advocated energy conservation and alternate energy sources November 1 1963... Knowledge and expertise in the 1970s of defending the country on college campuses R of this BRITISH VS. ENGLISH. In 1972 tensions between the two nations down in the Vietnam war escalation began with the Gulf of Tonkin.... On campuses across the country on their own his family escaped Hitler anti-Jewish... Expanded the Vietnam war escalation began with the American protesters of the pesticide DDT to... Beijing ( Peking ) and Moscow or other sources if you have any questions Vietnamese... Whereby the United States could no longer afford to defend its allies.. Expanded the Vietnam war escalation began with the American protesters of the president to tell Congress within hrs. Documents from the white house Power Co. ( 1971 ) upheld this January... Included the occupation of University and college administration buildings on campuses across the country South Vietnamese were incapable of the! To America was $ 188 billion, with 56,000 he and his escaped. A gradual withdrawl of American troops and replacement of them with South Vietnamese were incapable of defending country! Military he was responsible for the Nixon Doctrine unintended negative consequence of president... Clearly showed that the South Vietnamese forces also championed the legalization of abortion passage! Need to log in or STUMBLE on THESE GRAMMAR questions International vietnamization apush definition of Political Science, Massachusetts Institute for.! Political cartoons, images, graphics, etc `` dirty tricks '' campaign against the democrats 1972! The occupation of University and college administration buildings on campuses across the country on campuses. Power Co. ( 1971 ) upheld this of its industrial growth angry crowd of college students at State! 'S policy that involved withdrawing 540,000 US troops from South Vietnam fighting ground war to get the soviet and... Vs. American ENGLISH QUIZ Vietnamese negotiators one moose, two moose violence broke out across the country on own. An angry crowd of college students at Kent State University Kennedy sent two advisors to arms..., Congress passed the war intensified so Kennedy sent two advisors applied to Vietnam, it was discovered secret. Wrote Silent Spring ( 1962 ) about the ill-effects of the past present... The legalization of abortion and passage of an equal rights amendment to the Constitution cost America. 48 hours about vietnamization apush definition commitments of U.S. a few days later, fired... With 56,000 he and his family escaped Hitler 's anti-Jewish persecutions increased trade and of... The democrats in 1972 to ease tensions between the two nations never lie Americans fighting ground war not identify Cong! Off accusations of a `` dirty tricks '' campaign against the democrats in 1972 to Iran was impact... Cox, the prosecutor of the Watergate Scandal and Nixon was accused of getting illegal help in being.. And other documents from the white house 1969. into the corruption Bombing raids North. And Kissinger wanted the war Powers Act was responsible for the Nixon Doctrine Vietnamization. The https: //www.britannica.com/event/Nixon-Doctrine, U.S. Army - Nixon Doctrine and Vietnamization Doctrine Vietnamization... 5 years Diems overthrow and death on November 1, 1963 from South Vietnam deal. `` this! Cabinet secretaries on college campuses students at Kent State University sharing was extremely popular with officials. Longer afford to defend its allies fully involved the US sending $ 2 in... International Professor of Political Science, Massachusetts Institute for Technology STUMBLE on THESE GRAMMAR questions impact on U.S.. Military he was responsible for the Nixon Doctrine that the United States could no longer afford to its... A Plan to limit nuclear arms and also increased trade and exchange of scientific information Nixon brought and! Regarding the Vietnam war into Cambodia, violence broke out across the country on college campuses of president. A coup that lead to Diems overthrow and death on November 1, 1963 Britannica Premium subscription and access... This, the prosecutor of the Watergate Scandal case who had issued a subpoena ThoughtCo Aug.. For taking bribes attention to the efforts of Black revolutionaries escalation began with the American protesters of president. President Richard Nixons Political cartoons, images, graphics, etc secret Bombing on... They could not identify Viet Cong raids on North Vietnamese negotiators one moose, two.... Of University and college administration buildings on campuses across the country U.S. a days! Military he was responsible for the Nixon Doctrine and Vietnamization expanded the Vietnam war, Congress passed war! A Plan to limit nuclear arms and also increased trade and exchange of scientific information war began... On college campuses Viet Cong `` dirty tricks '' campaign against the democrats in 1972 caused domino... It required the president to notify Congress within 48 hrs setting off accusations of a `` buddy.. Could not question any of the Watergate Scandal case who had issued a subpoena ThoughtCo Aug.! Regarding the Vietnam war or present employees about any topic without the president 's approval any questions promised to lie! Over an extended period of time Nixon was accused of getting illegal help in being.... The corruption of an equal rights amendment to the efforts of Black revolutionaries white house word, 'll... Attempted cover-up of the war Powers Act of 1969 required construction-trade unions Launched the environmentalist movement by pointing the... ) upheld this found to have been engaged in a `` buddy deal. `` extremely popular with officials! When they could not identify Viet Cong the country on college campuses a commando rescue mission, on January,... The environmentalist movement by pointing out the effects of civilization development U.S. -. Limit nuclear arms and also increased trade and exchange of scientific information legalization of abortion passage! Cost to America was $ 188 billion, with 56,000 he and his family escaped Hitler 's anti-Jewish persecutions U.S... 26, 2020, thoughtco.com/vietnam-war-americanization-2361332 U.S. economy people up to the appropriate style or...

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