b. backlash effect True Steele and Aronson argued that thinking about negative stereotypes that are relevant to a task that one is performing creates stereotype threatperformance decrements that are caused by the knowledge of cultural stereotypes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87(1), 522. worship-and-biblical-worldview-theo-104. A. In Handbook of motivation and cognition: The interpersonal context (Vol. Brian's B. in-group bias Patricia Linville and Edward Jones (1980) gave research participants a list of trait terms and asked them to think about either members of their own group (e.g., Blacks) or members of another group (e.g., Whites) and to place the trait terms into piles that represented different types of people in the group. 15 pages. d. generalization. The terms "hag," "wicked old witch" and "old maid" are examples of: Which of the following statements about TV depiction of older adults is/are true? Which of the following methodological approaches to a research project on assimilation is a survey? c. the biological inferiority of blacks Selected accounts payable and general ledger accounts for Copperland Company are given in the Working Papers. c. The media tend to portray Latinas in low-status occupations. f(x)=x28x+20. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73(2), 229241. a. It is separated from the lentiform nucleus by the internal capsule. Entropy-related risks were soon translated into the "infodemic", a wide-spread phenomenon with psychosocial and cultural roots. b. discrimination. Although either individual could afford to purchase a generator individually, they agree to split the cost of a generator because they love fish more than they dislike each other. Which of the following statements concerning defined-contribution plans that integrate with Social Security is correct? Which of the following statements concerning women's participation in sports is/are true? Psychological Bulletin, 112(3), 536552. Race can be understood as a classification system that assigns individuals and groups to categories that are ranked or hierarchical. Alex just made a situational attribution. b. Latinas b. white women This truth may come in part from the roles that individuals play in society. 4 "She did a good job because she's talented. Only physicians can perform exit evaluations and conduct psychological interviews. b. Martin Luther King Jr. a. d. laws granting relief from discrimination and segregation, beginning in the 1950s, Industrial development in the North of the United States, combined with the mechanization of agriculture in the South, produced a progressive movement of _______ northward starting at the beginning of the twentieth century. 24; 12 Ambivalent sexism refers to the combination of: To get around this problem, social psychologists make use of a number of techniques that help them measure these beliefs more subtly and indirectly. Social categorization influences our perceptions of groupsfor instance, the perception of outgroup homogeneity. There are several pairs of terms for females and males that have the same objective meaning the natural cognitive process by which we place individuals into social groups. a. genocide. Coping with the Bisaya Accent by Princess Lupian: A Case Study I. men earned the money, while ___ percent expressed this view in 2002. In this sense, the stereotypes are at least partly true for many of the members of the social category, in terms of their actual behaviors. 1 affective 1.1 Defining Social Psychology: History and Principles, 1.3 Conducting Research in Social Psychology, 2.3 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist About Social Cognition, 3.1 Moods and Emotions in Our Social Lives, 3.3 How to Feel Better: Coping With Negative Emotions, 3.4 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist About Social Affect, 4.3 The Social Self: The Role of the Social Situation, 4.4 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist About the Self, 5.2 Changing Attitudes Through Persuasion, 5.3 Changing Attitudes by Changing Behavior, 5.4 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist About Attitudes, Behavior, and Persuasion, 6.2 Inferring Dispositions Using Causal Attribution, 6.3 Individual and Cultural Differences in Person Perception, 6.4 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist About Person Perception, 7.3 Person, Gender, and Cultural Differences in Conformity, 7.4 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist About Conformity, 8.2 Close Relationships: Liking and Loving Over the Long Term, 8.3 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist About Liking and Loving, 9.1 Understanding Altruism: Self and Other Concerns, 9.2 The Role of Affect: Moods and Emotions, 9.3 How the Social Context Influences Helping, 9.5 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist About Altruism, 10.2 The Biological and Emotional Causes of Aggression, 10.3 The Violence Around Us: How the Social Situation Influences Aggression, 10.4 Personal and Cultural Influences on Aggression, 10.5 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist About Aggression, 11.2 Group Process: The Pluses and Minuses of Working Together, 11.4 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist About Social Groups, 12.1 Social Categorization and Stereotyping, 12.4 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist About Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination, 13.1 Conflict, Cooperation, Morality, and Fairness, 13.2 How the Social Situation Creates Conflict: The Role of Social Dilemmas, 13.3 Strategies for Producing Cooperation, 13.4 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist About Cooperation and Competition. (Ed.). materials social impairment Self-report measures can be affected by people's desire to state socially desirable attitudes. Parental and peer influences on childrens racial attitudes. d. Loyalty e. All of the above are. The basic assumption is that if two concepts are associated or linked, they will be responded to more quickly if they are classified using the same, rather than different, keys. c. Cuba A basic prediction of social categorization theory is that . Outline your answers clearly The Congressional Research Service estimates that at least $45\$ 45$45 million of counterfeit U.S. $100\$ 100$100 notes produced by the North Korean government are in circulation. a. the more hostile sexism endorsed by the men, the less benevolent sexism reported by the c. women, regardless of their ethnicity, are generally viewed as unpleasant. Trope, Y., & Thompson, E. (1997). Aim In this study we aimed to evaluate the quality of information regarding premature ejaculation . c. Black women; Asian American women Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 39(1), 8390. c. animal and food terms to refer to females. Phelan, J. E., & Rudman, L. A. a. Automatic category activation and social behaviour: The moderating role of prejudiced beliefs. 1 We attribute most of what people do to the influence of situations. Madon, S., Guyll, M., Aboufadel, K., Montiel, E., Smith, A., Palumbo, P., & Jussim, L. (2001). a. prejudice. a. whites b. some traits are not uniformly applied to women in diverse ethnic groups. 2 See answers Advertisement c. Africa. (2007). If we believe that women are bad drivers and we see a woman driving poorly, then we tend to remember it, but when we see a woman who drives particularly well, we tend to forget it. a. Snyder, M., Tanke, E. D., & Berscheid, E. (1977). a. non-Hispanic whites Use the purchases journal from the previous exercise. a. racialization. c. Cubans "The typical job applicant worries about his chances of getting the job." Find f(x)f^\prime(x)f(x) and find the value(s) of x where the tangent line is horizontal. 4 We tend to attribute our successes to our own efforts and our failures to the shortcomings of others. New York, NY: Psychology Press. B) The simpler the category, the less likely we are to use prototype theory. c) Secondary research is quicker than primary research. a. immigrants. Similar effects occur when we categorize other people. Categorical and contextual bases of person memory and stereotyping. A. permanent Which of the following was a finding in the classic study by Festinger and Carlsmith 1959 )? According to the textbook, what can we conclude about the patterns of segregation in the United States? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28(12), 16671678. which of the following statements concerning social categorization is correct? Of course, using social categories will only be informative to the extent that the stereotypes held by the individual about that category are accurate. It is the largest part of the diencephalon and serves as a relay station to all the main sensory tracts (except the olfactory pathways). which of the following statements concerning social categorization is correct? d. Asian Americans, Alarming disparities in health and health care still exist among U.S. racial and ethnic groups. This fits most closely with which of the following statements about racism? a. whites 3 We are more likely to attribute another's behavior to internal rather than to situational causes. Which of the following statements regarding project management is true? b. Melting pot c. discrimination. Gonzales, P. M., Blanton, H., & Williams, K. J. c. Africans. For example, if asked "how many . Which ethical theory, if any, would agree with the following statement: There are some actions that are inherently wrong because they violate a moral rule, no matter what the consequences are.. (1978). a. some traits are associated with all women, regardless of their ethnicity. Chen, M., & Bargh, J. Which of the following statements concerning stereotypes is not correct? "Gwendolyn Brooks is an outstanding poetess." There are two rival pet stores located across the street from each other. 5. a. Assimilation ______ is the model of ethnic integration that exists in Switzerland. b. serve to justify and maintain patriarchal social structures. Now, rather than perceiving themselves as members of two different groups (men versus women), John and Sarah might suddenly perceive themselves as members of the same social category (students at their college). In these procedures, participants are asked to make a series of judgments about pictures or descriptions of social groups and then to answer questions as quickly as they can, but without making mistakes. Tetlock, P. E., & Mitchell, G. (2008). We begin to respond to members of stereotyped categories as if we already knew what they were like. 182222). d. a and b, A study of popular films found that older women , compared to older men, were portrayed as b. Authoritarianism is a characteristic of personality and reflects the values and norms of particular subcultures within the wider society. "The fund-raising committee chairman suggested that the group sponsor a raffle." b. portrayal of gender-based social roles Stone, J. Race and ethnicity shape internal and external perceptions of a group. Other research using this technique has found that we spontaneously categorize each other on the basis of many other group memberships, including race, academic status (student versus teacher), social roles, and other social categories (Fiske, Haslam, & Fiske, 1991; Stangor, Lynch, Duan, & Glass, 1992). d. had qualities of behavior or temperament that were innate and could not be altered. b. Given are five observations for two variables, x and y. xi12345yi3751114\begin{array}{r|rrrrr} He argues that if there is a womens studies program, then there should be a mens studies program too. Social categorization occurs when we think of someone as a man (versus a woman), an old person (versus a young person), a Black person (versus an Asian or White person), and so on (Allport, 1954/1979). Steve's attitude is an example of The bogus pipeline: A new paradigm for measuring affect and attitude. Pages 30. b. had innate qualities that were different but that could be modified through socialization. Stereotyping others is simply unfair. Imagine, however, that as the conversation continues, Sarah brings up an assignment that she is completing for her womens studies class. New York, NY: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group. Confidentiality c. Integrity. d. abelism, Which of the following groups of women is unlikely to be perceived as nurturers? Linnaeus assumed that each subgroup d. ethnicity. Prejudice toward female leaders: Backlash effects and womens impression management dilemma. d. Jennifer Lee, Who argued that by the 1980s the economic conditions of Blacks had become central to their life chances? c. It outlawed discriminatory voting practices. Rising to the threat: Reducing stereotype threat by reframing the threat as a challenge. 275292). Both Middle Easterners and North Africans are nonwhite. women. b. benevolent; hostile a. genetic factors a. German Americans c. racializing. That is, they argued that the negative impact of race on standardized tests may be caused, at least in part, by the performance situation itself. d. often understand it as a compliment, since it is often meant as a compliment. Although the meaning of the IAT has been debated (Tetlock & Mitchell, 2008), research using implicit measures does suggest thatwhether we know it or not, and even though we may try to control them when we canour stereotypes and prejudices are easily activated when we see members of different social categories (Barden, Maddux, Petty, & Brewer, 2004). John is expressing his opinions, and Sarah is expressing hers. a. show less gender bias He has shared this information with his The social psychologist John Bargh once described stereotypes as cognitive monsters because their activation was so powerful and because the activated beliefs had such insidious influences on social judgment (Bargh, 1999). A white man places a rental property he owns on Craigslist to rent it out for the next year. Once the generator is connected, their stores have the power restored and the fish are saved. Is your behavior fair or unfair to the people you are categorizing? Asymmetric search of individuating information about stereotyped group members. 1. the standards and values of dominant groups 2. various groups' power within society 3. the standards and values of subordinate groups 4. social interaction The standards and values of dominant groups, various groups' power within society, and social interaction c. Hispanics Research has found that stereotype threat is caused by both cognitive and affective factors. b. from the middle 1960s to 1986 D. slow. c. Categorization makes our lives more efficient by guiding our decision-making. A researcher examines the differences in assimilation rates of new immigrants in the United States vs. Europe. b. require welfare recipients to work. Alex is standing in line at Wal-Mart waiting to pay for his purchases. d. Black men and women, In understanding the racial disparity in maternal health care between Black and white women, what factor is most directly associated with the cumulative effects of institutional and everyday racial discrimination that Black women face? Other indirect measures of prejudice are also frequently used in social psychological research, for instanceassessing nonverbal behaviors such as speech errors or physical closeness. language is/are correct? Group socialization and prejudice: The social transmission of intergroup attitudes and beliefs. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36(7), 778793. a. Most people do not want to admiteither to themselves or to othersthat they hold stereotypes or that they are prejudiced toward some social groups. which of the following statements concerning social categorization is correct? b. modern sexism and benevolent sexism. And when we are distracted or under time pressure, these tendencies become even more powerful (Stangor & Duan, 1991). Which statement is most consistent with the textbook's conclusions about race? Implicit association procedures such as the IAT show that even participants who claim that they are not prejudiced do seem to hold cultural stereotypes about social groups. b. Categorization is frequently based on easily identifiable attributes. Escalation of conflict is the result of all of the following issues except __________. For instance, the stereotypes (which are held by many people) that women are nurturing and that men are dominant may occur in part because, on average, men and women find themselves in different social roles within a culture (Eagly & Steffen, 1984). Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28(5), 659670. which of the following statements concerning social categorization is correct? On the affective side, stereotype threat creates stress as well as a variety of affective responses including anxiety (Schmader, Johns, & Forbes, 2008). (1993). Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 35, 2924. Richeson, J. Which of the following statements are accurate? a. b) There are clear-cut views on data classification and application categorization. b. discrimination. Im sure youve had this experience yourself, when you found yourself thinking or saying, Oh, them, theyre all the same!. a. whites Whites acknowledge they have privilege. a. Northwestern Europe. Which of the following statements best represents variation in racial and ethnic identification across countries? d. African Americans, Which of the following Hispanic groups is the largest? Experiments in intergroup discrimination. Brown, R. (1995). c. Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders A man cuts in front of the line and drops his items on the counter. Butz, D. A., & Plant, E. A. Southern European Americans Nosek, B. Follow Which of the following statements concerning marketing research is incorrect? d. minority group. C. A worker receives benefits only if the work-related injury was not his or her fault. When the responses are arranged on the screen in a matching way, such that the male category and the strong category are on the same side of the screen (e.g., on the right side), participants can do the task very quickly and they make few mistakes. b. 1 He made a situational attribution. . a. Mrs. Jane Sullivan View Bus311.docx from BUSI 311 at Liberty University. Even Black people themselves respond more quickly to positive words that are associated with White rather than Black faces on the IAT, suggesting that they have subtle racial prejudice toward Blacks. Crisp, R. J., & Hewstone, M. In fact, just knowing that stereotype threat exists and may influence performance can help alleviate its negative impact (Johns, Schmader, & Martens, 2005). The outcome is that the stereotypes become linked to the group itself in a set of mental representations (Figure 12.5). Generics express generalizations, but unlike quantified statements, generics do not carry information about how many members of the kind or category have the property. a. Daniel Patrick Moynihan b. scapegoat. b. Indeed, social categorization occurs so quickly that people may have difficulty not thinking about others in terms of their group memberships (see Figure 12.3). Stereotyping and perceived distributions of social characteristics: An application to ingroup-outgroup perception. When our stereotypes lead us to be believe that we are likely to perform poorly on a task, we experience a feeling of unease and status threat. d. Elijah Anderson. Psychological Science, 16(3), 175179. b. Ms. Jane Sullivan Why do you (or dont you) categorize? b. Out of mind but back in sight: Stereotypes on the rebound. 3 One confederate gave a correct response. QUICKBOOKSADVANCE EXAM SECTION 1. (2005). d. institutional racism. Without power, the fish in the fish tanks at each store will die. ability 3 His remark is based on a stereotype. Along with crystallized intelligence (Gc), domain-specific knowledge (Gkn) is an important ability within the nomological net of acquired knowledge. Annual non-discrimination testing is required for a plan that integrates with Social Security. d. discrimination. b. a. aggregation. a. Racism is no longer a significant problem for Blacks. C. categorization and males is clearly interpreted as inclusive of both genders. c. all ethnic groups in a society retain their independent and separate identities yet share equally in the rights and powers of citizenship. Steele, C. M., & Aronson, J. stereotyping? It can help in increasing cooperation among individuals because sharing a common goal often provides a core focus for the groups, generally taking focus off apparent differences. What they have in common is that they are all forms of ________. b. impersonal market forces Specifically, he found that although lines C and D (which are actually the same length) were perceived as equal in length when the lines were not categorized, line C was perceived as being significantly longer than line D in the condition in which the lines were categorized. Stereotyping and prejudice begin from social categorizationthe natural cognitive process by which we place individuals into social groups. Once we believe that men make better leaders than women, we tend to behave toward men in ways that makes it easier for them to lead. Question 1 Which 3 statements regarding subaccounts are true? This example illustrates that, A disadvantaged group that is separated from the dominant group by their distinct physical or cultural characteristics is known as. c. multiculturalism. Stereotype threat is created in situations that pose a significant threat to self-concern, such that our perceptions of ourselves as important, valuable, and capable individuals are threatened. b. hostile sexism. Psychological Review, 115(2), 336356. a. stereotyping. Explain why social traps do not benefit groups sharing the same interest. Shortening the project by assigning more resources to one or more of the critical tasks is called "project crashing." Which of the following is not true of Ann Hopkins' legal battle? B. B. Which of the following statements concerning social categorization is CORRECT? A common strategy for gaining compliance used by car salespeople is the door-in-the-face technique. b. higher rates of known health risks b. assimilation. attitude best reflects: 1.) C. It forms the anterior boundary of the interventricular . As a result of successive potato famines that produced widespread starvation, 1.5 million people migrated to the United States from ______ in the nineteenth century and settled mostly in ______ areas. Imagine for a moment that two college students, John and Sarah, are talking at a table in the student union at your college or university.

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