2,366,119. Anderson Foundation formed the Texas Medical Center. Economic gains of blacks who entered defense industries continued in the postwar years. The HoustonThe WoodlandsSugar Land metropolitan area is served by one public television station and two public radio stations. [78][79] Regulations include mandatory lot size for single-family houses and requirements that parking be available to tenants and customers. Individuals from some other race made up 15.69% of the city's population. Houston city, Texas. Greater Houston possesses a hub-and-spoke limited-access highway system, in which a number of freeways radiate outward from Downtown, with ring roads providing connections between these radial highways at intermediate distances from the city center. [349], Houston's third municipal airport is Ellington Airport, used by the military, government (including NASA) and general aviation sectors. 1. [140][141][142] A 2012 Kinder Institute report found that, based on the evenness of population distribution between the four major racial groups in the United States (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Hispanic or Latino, and Asian), Greater Houston was the most ethnically diverse metropolitan area in the United States, ahead of New York City. Sam Houston Park contains restored and reconstructed homes which were originally built between 1823 and 1905. QuickFacts provides statistics for all states and counties, and for cities and towns with a population of 5,000 or more. In addition to Interstate 610, two additional loop highways encircle the city: Beltway 8, with a radius of approximately 10 miles (16km) from Downtown, and State Highway 99 (the Grand Parkway), with a radius of 25 miles (40km). [205], In 2012, the city was ranked number one for paycheck worth by Forbes and in late May 2013, Houston was identified as America's top city for employment creation. [277] HISD has over 100 campuses that serve as magnet or vanguard schoolsspecializing in such disciplines as health professions, visual and performing arts, and the sciences. [212] Another large celebration is the annual night-time Houston Gay Pride Parade, held at the end of June. A 2017 study by the Rice University Kinder Institute for Urban Research found 56% of Harris County residents have a preference for dense housing in a mixed-use, walkable setting as opposed to single-family housing in a low-density area. Because of these strengths, Houston is designated as a global city by the Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network and global management consulting firm A.T. [161], Lakewood Church in Houston, led by Pastor Joel Osteen, is the largest church in the United States. Download Historical Data Save as Image The Museum District is home to nineteen museums, galleries, and community spaces. In the 1960s, Downtown Houston consisted of a collection of mid-rise office structures. [109] Ground-level ozone, or smog, is Houston's predominant air pollution problem, with the American Lung Association rating the metropolitan area's ozone level twelfth on the "Most Polluted Cities by Ozone" in 2017, after major cities such as Los Angeles, Phoenix, New York City, and Denver. Summary. In order to meet the new floodplain regulations, the developers needed to elevate the lowest floors two feet above the 500-year floodplain, equivalent to five or six feet above the 100-year base flood elevation, and build a channel to direct stormwater runoff toward detention basins. [172] It is estimated that Muslims made up 1.2% of Houston's population. [14] The Houston area is the top U.S. market for exports, surpassing New York City in 2013, according to data released by the U.S. Department of Commerce's International Trade Administration. [201] In the same year, the city ranked second on the annual Fortune 500 list of company headquarters,[202] first for Forbes magazine's "Best Cities for College Graduates",[203] and first on their list of "Best Cities to Buy a Home". Houston has become known as a Black Mecca akin to Atlanta because it is a popular living destination for Black professionals and entrepreneurs. [62] Downtown stands about 50 feet (15m) above sea level,[63] and the highest point in far northwest Houston is about 150 feet (46m) in elevation. [223][224][225], The Houston Theater District, in Downtown, is home to nine major performing arts organizations and six performance halls. [95] Air conditioning is ubiquitous in Houston; in 1981, annual spending on electricity for interior cooling exceeded $600 million (equivalent to $1.79 billion in 2021), and by the late 1990s, approximately 90% of Houston homes featured air conditioning systems. [113], Because of Houston's wet season and proximity to the Gulf Coast, the city is prone to flooding from heavy rains; the most notable flooding events include Tropical Storm Allison in 2001 and Hurricane Harvey in 2017, along with most recent Tropical Storm Imelda in 2019 and Tropical Storm Beta in 2020. Nineteen school districts exist within the city of Houston. Consequently, rather than a single central business district as the center of the city's employment, multiple districts and skylines have grown throughout the city in addition to Downtown, which include Uptown, the Texas Medical Center, Midtown, Greenway Plaza, Memorial City, the Energy Corridor, Westchase, and Greenspoint. Population Estimates, July 1 2021, (V2021) . The vintage year (e.g., V2022) refers to the final year of the series (2020 thru 2022). [267], Houston had 303 homicides in 2015 and 302 homicides in 2016. Suburban northern and western parts of the metropolitan area are served by various campuses of the Lone Star College System, while the southeastern portion of Houston is served by San Jacinto College, and a northeastern portion is served by Lee College. The The metro area population of Houston in 2022 was 6,603,000, a 1.73% [93], During the summer, temperatures reach or exceed 90F (32C) an average of 106.5days per year, including a majority of days from June to September. Investing in rental real estate in Houston, TX has many advantages. The region is serviced by four spoke tollways: a set of managed lanes on the Katy Freeway; the Hardy Toll Road, which parallels Interstate 45 north of Downtown up to Spring; the Westpark Tollway, which services Houston's western suburbs out to Fulshear; and Fort Bend Parkway, which connects to Sienna Plantation. The Outlaws play in the Overwatch League and are one of two Texan teams, the other being the Dallas Fuel. At the 2010 United States census, Houston had a population of 2,1 Houston proper began to spread across the region. [184] Petroleum products, chemicals, and oil and gas extraction equipment accounted for roughly two-thirds of the metropolitan area's exports last year. [189] Houston is the beginning or end point of numerous oil, gas, and products pipelines. [2] In 2017, the census-estimated population was 2,312,717, and in 2018 it was 2,325,502. The 2020 U.S. census determined Houston had a population of 2,304,280. ". Posted: February 15, 2022. Large Hindu temples in the metropolitan area include the BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir Houston, affiliated with the Swaminarayan Sampradaya denomination in Fort Bend County, near the suburb of Stafford as well as the South Indian-style Sri Meenakshi Temple in suburban Pearland, in Brazoria County, which is the oldest Hindu temple in Texas and third-oldest Hindu temple in the United States. [213] Other notable annual events include the Houston Greek Festival,[214] Art Car Parade, the Houston Auto Show, the Houston International Festival,[215] and the Bayou City Art Festival, which is considered to be one of the top five art festivals in the United States. [210] Additionally, more than one in five foreign-born residents are from Asia. Instead, there was no increase in Houston's homicide rate between 2015 and 2016. Eight people died in April 2016 during a storm that dropped 17 inches of rain. Chernobyl dogs live in a variety of habitats throughout the nuclear exclusion zone including forested areas around Pripyat and [124], As documented, Houston has a higher proportion of minorities than non-Hispanic whites; in 2010, whites (including Hispanic whites) made up 57.6% of the city of Houston's population; 24.6% of the total population was non-Hispanic white. [183] The Houston Ship Channel is also a large part of Houston's economic base. [338] In 2017, Bcycle logged over 142,000 check outs while expanding to 56 docking stations. [320] Completed segments D through G provide a continuous 70.4-mile (113.3km) limited-access tollway connection between Sugar Land, Katy, Cypress, Spring, and Porter.[320]. [263] During 19912015, the city controller and city council members were subjected to a two-year, three-term limitationthe 2015 referendum amended term limits to two four-year terms. A succession of skyscrapers was built throughout the 1970smany by real estate developer Gerald D. Hinesculminating with Houston's tallest skyscraper, the 75-floor, 1,002-foot (305m)-tall JPMorgan Chase Tower (formerly the Texas Commerce Tower), completed in 1982. The U.S. incarcerates 530 people for every 100,000 in its population, making it one of the worlds biggest jailers just below El Salvador, Rwanda and Turkmenistan. NRG Stadium opened the same year. The Texas Medical Center is home to a high density of health professions schools, including two medical schools: McGovern Medical School, part of The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, and Baylor College of Medicine, a highly selective private institution. [170], Houston's Jewish community, estimated at 47,000 in 2001, has been present in the city since the 1800s. Houston is the southeast anchor of the greater megaregion known as the Texas Triangle.[7]. According to a study in 2016 by Berman Jewish DataBank, 51,000 Jews lived in the area, an increase of 4,000 since 2001. [136] Houston's diversity, historically fueled by large waves of Hispanic and Latino American, and Asian immigrants, has been attributed to its relatively low cost of living, strong job market, and role as a hub for refugee resettlement. WebMinimum Experience Required: Five (5) years of clinical and case management/health coach experience required, (Care Management, Utilization Management, ER, ICU also acceptable) Minimum Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities: Must have strong organizational (time management) and interpersonal skills. Some estimates presented here come from sample data, and thus have sampling errors that may render some apparent differences between geographies statistically indistinguishable. As the result of a 2015 referendum in Houston, a mayor is elected for a four-year term and can be elected to as many as two consecutive terms. Houston: Texas: White: 76.23%: 58.27%: 74.84%: Black: 8.51%: 22.82%: 11.95%: Asian: 1.41%: 6.66%: 4.36%: American Indian: 0.31%: 0.36%: 0.48%: Native Hawaiian: 0.00%: 0.06%: 0.08%: Mixed race: 1.57%: 2.01%: 2.50%: Other race: 11.97%: 9.83%: 5.79% [51][52] In May 2015, seven people died after 12 inches of rain fell in 10 hours during what is known as the Memorial Day Flood. [323] A park and ride system provides commuter bus service from 34 transit centers scattered throughout the region's suburban areas; these express buses operate independently of the local bus network and utilize the region's extensive system of HOV lanes. It is the only MLB team to have won pennants in both modern leagues. The largest and longest-running is the annual Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo, held over 20days from early to late March, and is the largest annual livestock show and rodeo in the world. [296] Other notable publications include Houston Forward Times, OutSmart, and La Voz de Houston. KUHT channel 8 (Houston Public Media) is a PBS member station and is the first public television station in the United States. Petrochemical refineries and manufacturing plants were constructed along the ship channel because of the demand for petroleum and synthetic rubber products by the defense industry during the war. [218][219][220][221][222] Houston received the official nickname of "Space City" in 1967 because it is the location of NASA's Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center. Kearney. [311] In 2016, another 11.4% of Houstonians carpooled to work, while 3.6% used public transit, 2.1% walked, and 0.5% bicycled. [344] United Airlines' share of the Houston Airport System's commercial aviation market was nearly 60% in 2017 with 16 million enplaned passengers. Driving the news: Texas saw the [199], In 2008, Houston received top ranking on Kiplinger's Personal Finance "Best Cities of 2008" list, which ranks cities on their local economy, employment opportunities, reasonable living costs, and quality of life. They provide patient and preventive care, research, education, and local, national, and international community well-being. Houston attracts many touring Broadway acts, concerts, shows, and exhibitions for a variety of interests. Houston voters lengthen term limits for city officials ", FBI Uniform 2010 (prov.) Houston's violent crime rate was 8.6% percent higher in 2016 than the previous year. The "Inner Loop" encompasses a 97-square-mile (250km2) area which includes Downtown, preWorld War II residential neighborhoods and streetcar suburbs, and newer high-density apartment and townhouse developments. For the unrelated county, see, This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties [66], Houston has four major bayous passing through the city that accept water from the extensive drainage system. [50] One month later, about 2.5million Houston-area residents evacuated when Hurricane Rita approached the Gulf Coast, leaving little damage to the Houston area. Heres how you know Two light rail lines outlined in a five-line system approved by voters in a 2003 referendum have yet to be constructed. In the early 2010s, two additional linesthe Green Line, servicing the East End, and the Purple Line, servicing the Third Wardopened, and the Red Line was extended northward to Northline, bringing the total length of the system to 22.7 miles (36.5km). Chernobyl dogs live in a variety of habitats throughout the nuclear exclusion zone including forested areas around Pripyat and Chernobyl City. [160] The same study says area residents who identify with other religions (including Judaism, Buddhism, Islam, and Hinduism) collectively made up about 7% of the area population. The Houston City Council passed this regulation in 2018 with a vote of 97. The top three destinations for exports were Mexico, Canada, and Brazil. Immigrants from Eastern Europe, the Middle East, Ethiopia, India, and other areas have added to Houston's Eastern and Oriental Orthodox population. [268][discuss], Houston's murder rate ranked 46th of U.S. cities with a population over 250,000 in 2005 (per capita rate of 16.3 murders per 100,000 population). Locations in Houston are generally classified as either being inside or outside the Interstate 610 loop. Friday, March 3, 2023 4:12PM. Based on highest architectural feature, it is the 21st-tallest in the United States. [48] In June 2001, Tropical Storm Allison dumped up to 40 inches (1,000mm) of rain on parts of Houston, causing what was then the worst flooding in the city's history and billions of dollars in damage, and killed 20 people in Texas. Houston County's population increased 4 out of the 11 years between year 2010 and year 2021. [123][128] An estimated 42.3% of Houstonians owned housing units, with an average of 2.65 people per household. Toyota Center also has the largest screen for an indoor arena in the United States built to coincide with the arena's hosting of the 2013 NBA All-Star Game. Everything that you need to know is all in one place, in one comprehensive report. The Houston area has over 150 active faults (estimated to be 300 active faults) with an aggregate length of up to 310 miles (500km),[71][72][73] including the Long PointEureka Heights fault system which runs through the center of the city. [351][352], See: List of colleges and universities in Houston, For a complete listing, see list of cities and towns in HoustonThe WoodlandsSugar Land MSA. Estimates are not comparable to other geographic levels due to methodology differences that may exist between different data sources. Houston hosts the annual Houston College Classic baseball tournament every February, and the Texas Kickoff and Bowl in September and December, respectively.[253]. [324], METRO began light rail service in 2004 with the opening of the 8-mile (13km) north-south Red Line connecting Downtown, Midtown, the Museum District, the Texas Medical Center, and NRG Park. The town suffered another setback that year when a yellow fever epidemic claimed about one life for every eight residents, yet it persisted as a commercial center, forming a symbiosis with its Gulf Coast port, Galveston. WebTornado activity: Houston-area historical tornado activity is slightly above Texas state average.It is 87% greater than the overall U.S. average.. On 11/21/1992, a category F4 The Williams Tower is the tallest building in the US outside a central business district. [317] A plurality of survey respondents also indicated traffic congestion was the most significant problem facing the metropolitan area. [332] The city is currently in the process of expanding its on and off street bikeway network.[when? Comprising a land area of 640.4 square miles (1,659km2),[8] Houston is the ninth-most expansive city in the United States (including consolidated city-counties). [274][275], In 1853, the first execution in Houston took place in public at Founder's Cemetery in the Fourth Ward; initially, the cemetery was the execution site, but post-1868 executions took place in the jail facilities.[276]. A system of toll roads, operated by the Harris County Toll Road Authority (HCTRA) and Fort Bend County Toll Road Authority (FBCTRA), provides additional options for regional commuters. Several major publications have consistently named Houston one of "America's Best Food Cities". The city is crossed by three Interstate highways, Interstate 10, Interstate 45, and Interstate 69 (commonly known as U.S. Route 59), as well as a number of other United States routes and state highways. It is the tallest structure in Texas, 19th tallest building in the United States, and was previously 85th-tallest skyscraper in the world, based on highest architectural feature. George Bush Intercontinental Airport (IAH), 23 miles (37km) north of Downtown Houston between Interstates 45 and 69, is the eighth busiest commercial airport in the United States (by total passengers and aircraft movements) and forty-third busiest globally. Crime Report Table 4 ". Terms and Conditions Privacy Policy Disclaimers Privacy Policy Disclaimers [206][207], In 2013, Houston was identified as the number one U.S. city for job creation by the U.S. Bureau of Statistics after it was not only the first major city to regain all the jobs lost in the preceding economic downturn, but also after the crash, more than two jobs were added for every one lost. The city of Houston was incorporated in 1837 and adopted a ward system of representation shortly afterward, in 1840. LGBT community members were attracted to Montrose as a neighborhood after encountering it while patronizing Art Wren, and they began to gentrify the neighborhood and assist its native inhabitants with property maintenance. Many parts of the city have a high risk of localized flooding due to flat topography,[103] ubiquitous low-permeability clay-silt prairie soils,[104] and inadequate infrastructure. [35], Houston is home to one of the largest LGBT communities and pride parades in the United States. [36] Ellington Field, initially built during World War I, was revitalized as an advanced training center for bombardiers and navigators. Chamber of Commerce: Greater Houston Partnership, 1200 Smith, Suite 700, Houston, TX 77002-4400. fourth most populous city in the United States, sixth most populous city in North America, ninth-most expansive city in the United States, natural disasters in the history of the United States, Marriage of Billie Ert and Antonio Molina, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston-Houston, Personal Ordinariate of the Chair of Saint Peter, Antiochian Orthodox Archdiocese of North America, Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network, List of colleges and universities in Houston, 10 largest institutions of higher learning, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County, United States Department of Transportation, Learn how and when to remove this template message, List of U.S. cities with large Hispanic populations, "The Texas Triangle Megaregion Nears 21 Million Residents", "Promise and a few fibs launched this city's destiny", "2010 Port Industry Statistics, American Association of Port Authorities", "Houston Surpasses New York and Los Angeles as the 'Most Diverse in Nation', "Karankawas were among the First Texas Indians Encountered by Europeans", "Houston's Native American Heritage Runs Deep", "Houston Was the Railroad Center of Texas | RBH", J.H.W. [348] In 2022 Hobby Airport was certified as the first 5-Star Airport in North America by Skytrax. The stations broadcast from the Melcher Center for Public Broadcasting on the campus of the University of Houston. Houston is home to 337 parks, including Hermann Park, Terry Hershey Park, Lake Houston Park, Memorial Park, Tranquility Park, Sesquicentennial Park, Discovery Green, Buffalo Bayou Park and Sam Houston Park. TDECU Stadium is where the University of Houston's Cougars football team plays.[251]. Across Houstons three-county area, the population has grown by 124% since 1980, from 2.7 million to almost 6 million in 2017. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000", "How Houston has become the most diverse place in America", "In Houston, America's Diverse Future Has Already Arrived", "Join Us in Houston, America's Next Great Black Business Mecca", "Meet 'Black Girl Magic,' The 19 African-American Women Elected As Judges In Texas", "Join us in Houston, America's Next Great Black Business Mecca", "Sylvester Turner mostly right; Houston is 'most diverse', "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Houston city, Texas 2010", "Same Sex Couples Statistics by The Williams Institute", "Houston Lags Behind Other Major Texas Cities in LGBT-Friendliness", "In energy sector, coming out 'can put you at risk', "Equal rights law opponents deliver signatures seeking repeal", "Religion in America: U.S. The U.S. incarcerates 530 people for every 100,000 in its population, making it one of the worlds biggest jailers just below El Salvador, Rwanda and Turkmenistan. Population Estimates, July 1 2022, (V2022) . The city has a population from various ethnic and religious backgrounds and a large and growing international community. Chris Brown is the city controller, serving his first term as of January2016[update]. [102], Houston generally receives ample rainfall, averaging about 49.8in (1,260mm) annually based on records between 1981 and 2010. Within Hermann Park are the Houston Zoo and the Houston Museum of Natural Science. About 20% of Houston-area residents claimed no religious affiliation, compared to about 23% nationwide. [281] The Greater Houston area's Catholic schools are operated by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston-Houston. [dubious discuss][117], In a recent case testing these regulations, near the Brickhouse Gulley, an old golf course that long served as a floodplain and reservoir for floodwaters, announced a change of heart toward intensifying development. [144], At the 2000 U.S. census, the racial makeup of the city in was 49.3% White, 25.3% Black or African American, 5.3% Asian, 0.7% American Indian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 16.5% from some other race, and 3.1% from two or more races. WebThe population of Texas in 2022 was 30,029,572, a 1.59% increase from 2021. [191] Only 27 countries other than the United States have a gross domestic product exceeding Houston's regional gross area product (GAP). In the late 1990s and early 2000s, a mini-boom of midrise and highrise residential tower construction occurred, with several over 30 stories tall. [307] Montgomery County Hospital District (MCHD) serves as the hospital district for Houstonians living in Montgomery County. Houston has hosted several major sports events: the 1968, 1986 and 2004 Major League Baseball All-Star Games; the 1989, 2006 and 2013 NBA All-Star Games; Super Bowl VIII, Super Bowl XXXVIII, and Super Bowl LI, as well as hosting the 1981, 1986, 1994 and 1995 NBA Finals, winning the latter two, and hosting the 2005 World Series, 2017 World Series, 2019 World Series, 2021 World Series and 2022 World Series. [125][126][127] For every 100 females, there were 98.5 males.[124]. [13][14] The Port of Houston ranks first in the United States in international waterborne tonnage handled and second in total cargo tonnage handled. The Space Center has many interactive exhibits including moon rocks, a shuttle simulator, and presentations about the history of NASA's manned space flight program. The innermost loop is Interstate 610, commonly known as the Inner Loop, which encircles Downtown, the Texas Medical Center, Greenway Plaza, the cities of West University Place and Southside Place, and many core neighborhoods. [92] Prevailing winds are from the south and southeast during most of the year, which bring heat and moisture from the nearby Gulf of Mexico and Galveston Bay. Houston is the birthplace of the chopped and screwed remixing-technique in Hip-hop which was pioneered by DJ Screw from the city. [11][39] In 1950, the availability of air conditioning provided impetus for many companies to relocate to Houston, where wages were lower than those in the North; this resulted in an economic boom and produced a key shift in the city's economy toward the energy sector.[40][41]. [165] In 2013 Father John Whiteford, the pastor of St. Jonah Orthodox Church near Spring, stated there were about 6,000-9,000 Eastern Orthodox Christians in Houston. NeighborhoodScout reveals the truth about every Neighborhood in the U.S., address-by-address. The Houston Astros are a Major League Baseball expansion team formed in 1962 (known as the "Colt .45s" until 1965) that have won the World Series in 2017 and 2022 and appeared in it in 2005, 2019, and 2021. Other tourist attractions include the Galleria (Texas's largest shopping mall, in the Uptown District), Old Market Square, the Downtown Aquarium, and Sam Houston Race Park. Three loop freeways provide northsouth and eastwest connectivity between Greater Houston's radial highways. Houston is a majority-minority city. The city's fiscal year begins on July 1 and ends on June 30. On February 14 and 15, 1895, Houston received 20 inches (51cm) of snow, its largest snowfall from one storm on record. [252] Houston will host multiple matches during the 2026 FIFA World Cup. [308], Houston is considered an automobile-dependent city, with an estimated 77.2% of commuters driving alone to work in 2016,[309] up from 71.7% in 1990[310] and 75.6% in 2009. Highways that follow the cardinal convention include U.S. Route 290 (Northwest Freeway), Interstate 45 north of Downtown (North Freeway), Interstate 10 east of Downtown (East Freeway), Texas State Highway 288 (South Freeway), and Interstate 69 south of Downtown (Southwest Freeway). [11], The great majority of enslaved people in Texas came with their owners from the older slave states. Located in Southeast Texas, this city houses a large population of more than 2 million, making it the most populous in the state and one of the most in the country. Houston (/hjustn/ (listen); HEW-stn) is the most populous city in Texas and in the Southern United States. Though some have blamed the city's low density, urban sprawl, and lack of pedestrian-friendliness on these policies, others have credited the city's land use patterns with providing significant affordable housing, sparing Houston the worst effects of the 2008 real estate crisis. In 2005, the Houston Dynamo soccer team was formed. Restaurants, bakeries, traditional-clothing boutiques, and specialty shops can be found in both areas. These sediments consist of a series of sands and clays deposited on decaying organic marine matter, that over time, transformed into oil and natural gas. Prairie View A&M University's nursing school is in the Texas Medical Center. [47] Health care has emerged as a major industry in Houston. Other nicknames often used by locals include "Bayou City", "Clutch City", "Crush City", "Magnolia City", "H-Town", and "Culinary Capital of the South". ET on Saturday, 3/4/2023. [290][291], The University of HoustonDowntown, in Downtown, is the second-largest institution of higher education in Houston. While Houston has never been widely known for its music scene,[238] Houston hip-hop has become a significant, independent music scene that is influential nationwide. Since the late 19th century Houston's economy has had a broad industrial base, in energy, manufacturing, aeronautics, and transportation. [186] Much of its success as a petrochemical complex is due to its busy ship channel, the Port of Houston. Houston's current Chinatown and the Mahatma Gandhi District are two major ethnic enclaves, reflecting Houston's multicultural makeup. [citation needed] Around 2007, more heart surgeries were performed at the Texas Medical Center than anywhere else in the world.[301]. Earl R. Verbeek, Karl W. Ratzlaff, Uel S. Clanton.

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